Experiment is to investigate the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Experiment is to investigate the rate of reaction surrounded by hydrochloric sultry and calcium carbonateHydrochloric acid + Calcium carbonate Calcium Chloride + Water +Carbon Dioxide2HCl (aq) CaCo3 (s) CaCl2(s) H2O (aq) CO2 (g)There are a get of variables in this essay and these arelisted below as infix variables and outcome variables. The inputvariables are the ones that I burn change in put together to r all(prenominal) theexperiment and the outcome variables are the ones I go out measure to catch how the input variable has affected it.Input Variables--------------- step of calcium carbonateAmount of hydrochloric acidSurface nation of calcium carbonate immersion of hydrochloric acidTemperature of hydrochloric acidIntroduction of a catalystOutcome variables-----------------Amount of calcium chloride releasedAmount of water releasedAmount of carbon dioxide releasedChange in weightOut of these variables I will use concentration as my input variableand amount of carbon dio xide released as my outcome variable. You cansee how I will use and measure these variables in the manner sectionof this investigation.My preliminary results can be found in appendage 1. These show whatmeasurements of the input variables I decided to use and why I decidedthis.Prediction==========I predict that as the concentration of the hydrochloric acid decreasesthe rate of reaction will decrease and therefore the time taken for75ml of gas to be released will attach. The reason I believe this isthat chemical reactions occur when particles of the reactingsubstances collide. Increasing the number of the particles increasesthe number of collisions per second and this increases the reactionrate.In the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate youcan increase the number of particles in two ways. The first of theseis to increase the surface area of the calcium carbonate. Althoughthis does not directly increase the number of particles, it doesincrease the number of pa rticles that are on tap(predicate) for the H+ ions toreact with. This is shown in diagram 1 of appendix 2.The second way to increase the concentration in my experiment is toincrease the concentration of the hydrochloric acid. By doing this youincrease the number of H+ ions available to react with the calciumcarbonate and therefore the number of collisions per second betweenthe two increase. If the number of collisions per second increasesthen the reaction rate will increase. This is demonstrated in diagram2 of appendix 2.In order to gain perfect results I would have to use the followingweights of each component of the formula and introduce nothing elseinto the equation. All of the weights are in gramsCaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2